Vol. 7, Issue 2, Part G (2025)

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative condition marked by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, resulting in oxidative stress and motor impairments. Although conventional therapies offer symptomatic relief, they are often limited by side effects and reduced effectiveness with long-term use. Consequently, plant-derived compounds with neuroprotective and antioxidant properties are increasingly being explored as potential therapeutic alternatives.

Objective: To evaluate the anti-parkinsonian potential of the ethanolic extract of Abutilon indicum L. leaves (EELAI) in a chlorpromazine-induced rat model using behavioral and biochemical analyses.

Methods: Shade-dried powdered leaves of Abutilon indicum were extracted with 70% ethanol, rats.

Methods: Shade-dried A. indicum leaves were extracted with 70% ethanol, Phytochemical screening was conducted for alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, tannins, saponins, triterpenoids, and phenolics. Wistar albino rats (150-200 g) were divided into five groups (n=6): control, chlorpromazine-induced (1 mg/kg, i.p.), standard (levodopa + carbidopa 100+25 mg/kg), and (ethanolic extract of leaves abutilon indicum Linn) EELAI-treated (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg, p.o.) for 21 days. Behavioral tests (actophotometer, open field, rotarod, bar test) were performed on days 0, 7, 14, and 21, followed by biochemical assays of MDA, GSH, and catalase on day 22.

Results: The extraction of Abutilon indicumleaves using 70% ethanol yielded 24.84% w/w. phytochemical constituents confirmed for alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, tannins, saponins, triterpenoids, and phenolics. High-dose EELAI (400 mg/kg) produced significant improvement in locomotor activity, exploratory behavior, and motor coordination while reducing catalepsy compared to the chlorpromazine-induced group (P < 0.05-0.0001). Biochemical findings revealed a marked reduction in MDA levels and an increase in GSH and catalase activity (P < 0.05-0.001), indicating strong antioxidant efficacy.

Conclusion: Ethanolic extract of Abutilon indicum leaves exhibits notable anti-parkinsonian and antioxidant effects in chlorpromazine-induced rats, suggesting its potential as a complementary therapeutic agent for Parkinson’s disease.