Vol. 7, Issue 2, Part E (2025)

The development of nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems has opened new avenues for enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of conventional antibiotics. In this study, an attempt was made to improve the therapeutic profile of Cefotaxime, a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic, through the formulation of nanoparticles. The objective was to enhance the drug’s bioavailability, stability, and controlled release while reducing dosing frequency and potential side effects. Cefotaxime nanoparticles were synthesized using a green synthesis approach involving a suitable biopolymer or stabilizing agent to achieve uniform particle distribution and high encapsulation efficiency. The prepared nanoparticles were characterized using techniques such as UV-Visible spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to determine their size, morphology, and functional groups. The average particle size was found to be in the nanometer range, ensuring efficient cellular uptake and improved pharmacokinetic performance. *In vitro* drug release studies revealed a sustained release pattern, indicating prolonged therapeutic action. Antibacterial activity testing against selected Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria demonstrated enhanced efficacy compared to the pure drug, suggesting improved penetration and retention at the infection site. The study concludes that nanoparticle-based formulation of Cefotaxime significantly improves its therapeutic potential, making it a promising strategy for combating antibiotic resistance and optimizing drug delivery. This nanotechnological approach provides a foundation for developing more effective, safer, and patient-friendly antibiotic formulations.