Vol. 6, Issue 2, Part B (2024)

Cannabis sativa is a controversial plant largely due to its association with marijuana, an illicit substance that is well known and often hotly debated. Despite this controversy surrounding the plant, Cannabis sativa L., also known as cannabis, has unique phytochemistry, considering the variety of cannabinoids that it encompasses. These cannabinoids have various pharmacological properties that have the potential for therapeutic use due to their capacity to interact with the human body's endocannabinoid system. The medical potential of Cannabis sativa is explored through an extensive review that investigates the phytochemical profile and pharmacological characteristics of Cannabis sativa, looking at the plant's chemical components, for example, cannabidiol (CBD), tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), and other cannabinoids and non-cannabinoid constituents. The analysis also scrutinizes the pharmacological actions of these phytochemical constituents, including their potential therapeutic activities, antiemetic, appetite-stimulating, analgesic activities and their potential for one of a number of disorders such as Tourette's, multiple sclerosis and spinal cord injuries. This review seeks to provide a comprehensive understanding of Cannabis sativa, its phytochemistry and pharmacological properties, as well as to highlight the potential therapeutic applications of Cannabis sativa as well as its phytochemical components. This type of understanding should facilitate the generation of potentially useful hypotheses for future work in the area of cannabinoid-based medicines.