Vol. 5, Issue 2, Part A (2023)

Human hair exhibits additional capabilities since it is associated with aesthetic, cultural, sexual, and attractiveness characteristics in addition to its protective role. Although not a critical organ, hair has a significant impact on appearance and is a sign of health, youth, and strength. Alopecia patients have hair loss on their heads as well as occasionally other parts of their bodies. The chronically inflammatory disorder harms the hair follicles. Although it can result in skin irritation and physical problems owing to the loss of eyelashes and eyebrows, it is neither painful nor life-threatening. The actual cause and subsequent course of the development of alopecia, an autoimmune disease brought on by a synthesis of inherited and environmental variables, are unknown. In India, over 150 million people under the age of 20 suffer from hair loss, which translates to 9 out of 10 Indians experiencing hereditary hair loss at some point in their life. Every day, between 100 and 150 hair strands fall out, which is entirely natural and of no consequence. A number of causes, including ageing, pollution, and extreme stress, can hasten hair loss and, in some circumstances, result in severe hair loss. Temporary hair loss can also be a side effect of menopause or pregnancy. In Indians, men were more likely than women to develop alopecia areata, and 88% of those under the age of 40 were affected. While men or boys with earlier onset of severe alopecia were more likely to have it, women or girls with childhood onset were more likely to have it. In this review paper, we discuss alopecia, its pathophysiology, nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems, and quality of life issues related to alopecia.